The Dambulla Museum of Wall Paintings, located near the Rangiri Dambulla Raja Maha Vihara, is Sri Lanka’s only museum dedicated to cave and wall paintings. Established in 2003, it showcases the evolution of Sri Lankan mural art, from prehistoric cave drawings to modern temple murals. The museum plays a vital role in preserving and studying ancient paintings, including those from the Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, and Kandyan periods.