Adequate numbers of life guards are always essential to stop drowning happening at the pool or beach area. Many people’s are assume that drowning persons are easy to identify because they show obvious signs of distress. Instead, people tend to drown quietly and quickly. When some drowning the drowning person rarely able to call out or wave their arms when they are in distress in the water. Drowning person can submerge in the water 20-60 second and there for lifeguards are should be never assigning to duties that distract them from keeping an eye on the water. Lifeguards are responsible for the general aquatic safety of everyone and Behalf of effective supervision and control also for not to put swimmers at the risk of drowning the increasing the number of lifeguards must be consider at first priority by any swimming pool or beach facility operator . In additional below reason are also determined when the number of lifeguard increasing by Aquatic facility operator.

1. The design of the pool-( physical Hazard)
Design of the pool affects the number of lifeguards, the pool special feature like slide, water curtain, floor geyser, water channel, waterfall, islands, bridges, garden works, size and shape of the pool, and isolated pool features, those physical Hazard cannot change by the lifeguards and blind corner of the pool or unmonitored pool area can welcome the dead by drowning and in a such a incident can pull the police present at the operational area also involved of media can give bad image on the governing organization.

2. Lifeguards Hazard-
Number of lifeguards, how they work and their responsibility and ability, (the workload of the one lifeguard should be carefully divided)

3. People Hazard-
The age of the pool guest using and number of swimmers, the way they are behaving, bather with disability, and peoples in poor health, nervous or timid personal, bathers under the influence of alcohol or drug etc.

4. Activity Hazard-
The pool users what they doing and its planned or unpredictable, swimmers near water features, ducking, fighting, running, gymnastic, acrobatic ,boisterous games, under water swimming hyperventilation (lose conscious without warning)pushing, bombing, diving, using some equipment in the water (buoyant swimming aid are not toys)types of activity and the program offered.

5. Manning-
Lifeguards can work together to provide a safe and enjoyable atmosphere for everyone. Also few life guards cannot enforce the laws of the beach or pool they are watching over up to the organizational stand. In other way to mange break time, day off, vacation, sick leave, attended to back up in emergency and clear the pool in advance for emergency preparedness, for lateral service, attend to visitors special request, to do positive guest engagement and keep the safe while using Aquatic facility manning the expect level of life guards are highly reasonable.

6. Whether issues-
Heat, wintry, rain, snow, altitude, wind, condition of the sea, geological differences, natural disaster etc.

7. Equipment-
Rescue equipment, (such as an Aquatic spinal board), Automated external defibrillators (trained staff) Oxygen, stretchers, specify vehicles and casualty handling equipment in the water and land

In Addition to above factors, aquatic facility operator should consider public attitude about lifeguards and legal issues related to the using lifeguards within governments needs.

O.W.Palitha Ariyarathna
Deep sea Diver & Rescuer – Former Beach Field Officer